Russia stands on thin ice ahead of the Rio 2016 Olympics.

The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – the highest sports tribunal – has decided to uphold the ban on Russia’s athletics team from the Rio Olympics. Meanwhile, the world currently awaits the International Olympic Committee’s verdict in light of a scandalous report that illustrated an extensive state-sponsored doping system at the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics.

Excluding the entire Russian Olympic team from the 2016 Olympics is now under consideration.

Russian athletes were barred from international track and field competitions by the International Association of Athletics Federations in November 2015, according to BBC . The athletics governing body IAAF voted to suspend Russia’s athletics federation based on an independent World Anti-Doping Agency report that confirmed a doping scheme run by the Russian government.

The Russian Olympic Committee and 68 Russian athletes appealed the IAAF’s verdict but failed to overturn it, as the CAS backed the IAAF. Still, some Russian athletes are allowed to partake in Rio 2016 as neutrals if they fulfill a set of standards, such as being repeatedly tested outside their homeland.

But the track and field athletes are not the only Russians whose Olympic fate is jeopardized by the national doping scheme. WADA, sporting officials and Olympic athletes have called for the collective ban of all Russian athletes after it was proven that the doping program was not limited to athletics.

Dr. Richard McLaren, a Canadian lawyer specialized in sports law, recently published the findings of his investigation of Sochi 2014 in possibly the most explosive report in sporting history. WADA had appointed McLaren in May to look into the allegations made by Grigory Rodchenkov, the former director of the Moscow and Sochi doping control laboratories responsible for testing thousands of Russian and international Olympians. Rodchenkov contributed to the investigation by testifying and providing evidence.

McLaren verified three main findings:

1. The Moscow Laboratory operated, for the protection of doped Russian athletes, within a State-dictated failsafe system, described in the report as the Disappearing Positive Methodology.

2. The Sochi Laboratory operated a unique sample swapping methodology to enable doped Russian athletes to compete at the Games.

3. The Ministry of Sport directed, controlled and oversaw the manipulation of athlete’s analytical results or sample swapping, with the active participation and assistance of the FSB, CSP, and both Moscow and Sochi Laboratories.

The McLaren report contains details of a doping scheme implemented by the Russian government starting 2011, throughout the London 2012 and Sochi 2014 Olympics, until August 2015. From swapping urine samples to using old samples or simply making positive doping tests disappear, the Russians did not hold back. Apparently, the Ministry of Sport, Russian Anti-Doping Agency and the Russian Federal Security Service were all involved.

McLaren states that sample-tampering began following the Russian Olympic athletes' low medal count at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics.

McLaren did not only throw accusations, but backed up every claim with detailed proof, repeating throughout his report that the Russians are guilty beyond any reasonable doubt.

The IOC is currently evaluating McLaren’s report and exploring its legal options. It is weighing the implications of a collective ban on all Russian athletes against the right to individual justice.

"The findings of the report show a shocking and unprecedented attack on the integrity of sports and on the Olympic Games. Therefore, the IOC will not hesitate to take the toughest sanctions available against any individual or organization implicated," said IOC President Thomas Bach.

CNN reports that the IOC will announce its sanctions on Russia on Sunday. The IOC has declared that it will take the CAS’s verdict concerning Russian athletics into consideration.

However, the IOC has already put some provisional measures in action, such as revoking Russia’s right to organize or give patronage to any sporting event or meeting, including the 2019 European Games. The committee also urged all International Olympic Winter Sports Federations to freeze their preparations for major events in Russia. Additionally, the IOC will not authorize any official of the Russian Ministry of Sport or any person implicated in the report for the Rio Olympic Games. These measure will apply until further revision in December 2016.

Despite the ban threat, Russia announced its 387-strong Olympic delegation on Wednesday, one day before the CAS released its verdict. Russia chose to include its 68 track and field athletes regardless of the the ongoing ban.